Wang J, Huang J, Yang XH et al (2015) Anhedonia in schizophrenia: deficits in both motivation and hedonic capacity. J Nerv Ment Dis 199(11):845–853įletcher K, Parker G, Paterson A et al (2015) Anhedonia in melancholic and non-melancholic depressive disorders. Ritsner MS, Arbitman M, Lisker A (2011) Anhedonia is an important factor of health- related quality-of-life deficit in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Strauss GP, Gold JM (2012) A new perspective on anhedonia in schizophrenia. Ho N, Sommers M (2013) Anhedonia: a concept analysis. Ribot T (1986) La psychologie des sentiment. SHAPS shows good psychometric properties to assess multidimensional anhedonia symptoms also in Italian healthy population. Although anhedonia is a prominent feature of many psychiatric and neurological disorders, the presence of this symptom in the healthy population highlighted the importance to develop reliable tool. Finally, the degree of anhedonia was significantly correlated with BDI and BHS scores, but not with age or gender. 14.9% showed a significant reduction of hedonic tone (SHAPS ≥ 3). The SHAPS showed good internal consistency and discriminant validity moreover, the factorial analysis highlighted that SHAPS had a three-factor structure for explaining the anhedonic construct. Participants who showed mild level of anhedonia also completed the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS), Mood Disorders Insight Scale (MDIS), and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). One thousand six hundred ninety-seven consecutive healthy subjects (55% female) of different ages (age 18–82 years) underwent SHAPS. The aim of present study was to validate the translated Italian version of this test. Although, this symptom has widely been investigated in clinical settings, individual differences in anhedonia are also present in healthy population. The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) is a rapid screening battery created for assessing the presence of anhedonia, namely the inability to experience pleasure.
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